Enclosure, Grenanstown, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Grenanstown, Co. Tipperary

Some archaeological sites announce themselves with earthworks, standing stones, or at least a dip in the ground that rewards a second look.

This one in Grenanstown, County Tipperary, offers none of that. It exists, in any meaningful sense, only in a single aerial photograph taken in 1973, as a cropmark, the faint discolouration in growing crops that betrays buried structures beneath the soil, where differential moisture and root depth trace the outline of something long gone. By the time anyone looked closely, the evidence had already been built over.

The photograph, taken as part of the Geological Survey of Ireland's aerial programme, caught what appeared to be an enclosure on a gently south-facing slope in pasture. Enclosures of this kind in the Irish countryside are often associated with early medieval settlement, related in form and function to the better-known ringfort, a circular earthen or stone enclosure used as a farmstead. Within roughly 300 metres of this spot there are in fact two other possible enclosure or ringfort sites, suggesting that this part of North Tipperary was once a small cluster of early activity. Around 1975, however, a house was built directly over the approximate location of the cropmark, and reclamation work was carried out on the surrounding field at the same time. Whatever physical traces may have survived into the twentieth century are unlikely to have survived that.

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