Enclosure, Hightown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Enclosures
In a field near Hightown in County Westmeath, something old lies completely flat.
No mound, no wall, no visible trace at ground level; the only way to see it is from above, and even then only under the right conditions. What survives of this ancient enclosure exists solely as a cropmark, the faint shadow of buried archaeology expressing itself through differential growth in the vegetation overhead.
Cropmarks form when buried features, such as filled ditches or collapsed walls, affect how deeply rooted plants access moisture and nutrients. Ditches, once packed with softer material, tend to produce lusher, greener growth above them, while buried stonework or compacted surfaces stress the plants above. From aerial photography, these variations in crop colour and height resolve into shapes that match the outlines of long-vanished structures. At Hightown, the shape that emerges is subcircular, consistent with the kind of enclosed settlement that was commonplace in early medieval Ireland. Such enclosures typically surrounded a farmstead or small community, defined by an earthen bank and external ditch, though here the earthworks have been levelled entirely, ploughed or worn away over centuries until nothing protrudes above the soil.