Enclosure, Johnstown, Co. Wicklow
Co. Wicklow |
Enclosures
On a gently sloping field near Johnstown in County Wicklow, there are traces of ancient enclosed spaces that no one walking the land would ever notice.
The enclosures exist only as cropmarks, patterns left in growing or ripening vegetation where buried ditches and banks alter the soil's ability to hold moisture, causing slight but measurable differences in plant growth above them. From the ground, there is nothing to see. From the air, the past briefly reasserts itself.
Aerial photography has revealed a cluster of four circular enclosures on this east to south-east facing slope, each ranging in diameter from roughly ten to twenty metres. Circular enclosures of this kind are commonly associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, often interpreted as the remains of ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads that once defined the rural landscape in their thousands. What makes this particular grouping more intriguing is its density: four circular features in close proximity, and immediately adjacent to them, a fifth enclosure of rectangular form. Rectangular enclosures are less common and can suggest ecclesiastical use, a later medieval context, or simply a different functional need on the same working landscape. The relationship between the circular and rectangular features here remains an open question, one that the surface of the ground offers no clue to resolve.