Enclosure, Johnstown, Co. Wicklow
Co. Wicklow |
Enclosures
Near Johnstown in County Wicklow, a low oval ring in the earth sits on gently sloping ground, its earthen bank worn down to a modest height of less than a metre.
What makes it worth pausing over is not its scale but its anonymity: no entrance survives, no fosse (the external ditch typically dug to complement such a bank), and no internal features have been identified on the surface. It is simply a boundary, an enclosure roughly 42.5 metres north to south and 38.5 metres east to west, its original purpose unrecorded and its age unconfirmed from the ground alone.
The site might have remained entirely unstudied had it not stood directly in the path of the proposed Arklow bypass. Road schemes have historically been both a threat to and, paradoxically, a prompt for archaeological work in Ireland, and this was one such case. Wicklow County Council commissioned a full excavation of the site in the mid-1990s under licence, giving archaeologists the rare opportunity to investigate what the surface could not reveal. The earthen bank itself is up to seven metres wide, which suggests something more considered than a simple field boundary, though enclosures of this kind were built across many centuries and for many purposes, from settlement and stock management to ritual use.