Enclosure, Kelshabeg, Co. Wicklow

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Kelshabeg, Co. Wicklow

On the summit of a ridge in Kelshabeg, County Wicklow, the ground drops away sharply in every direction from an oval earthwork that seems almost to float above the surrounding landscape.

That elevated, self-contained quality is not accidental. Whoever built this enclosure chose the position deliberately, and the construction itself reflects considerable effort: the interior measures roughly 33.6 metres north to south and 21 metres east to west, and the ground within is domed rather than flat, giving it a slightly swollen, purposeful profile.

The enclosure is defined by a layered set of boundaries, each adding to the sense of deliberate demarcation. An inner bank of earth and stone, faced on both sides with dry stone walling and standing around two metres high on the interior, forms the primary boundary. Beyond that lies a fosse, the term for a defensive or delimiting ditch, roughly two metres wide, and beyond that again an outer bank, lower and narrower, bringing the total extent of the monument to around 48 metres north to south and 34 metres east to west. Within the south-eastern quadrant, a circular hut site between six and seven metres in diameter survives, suggesting that at least one person, or one household, once lived or worked inside the enclosure. Whether this was a defended farmstead, a small ringfort-type settlement, or something with a more ceremonial character is not recorded, but the combination of a prominent hilltop position, concentric earthworks, and an interior dwelling platform is a pattern repeated across prehistoric and early medieval Ireland. The Wicklow uplands contain a remarkable concentration of such sites, many of them poorly understood and infrequently visited.

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