Enclosure, Kilcoolyabbey, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
Beneath a gently sloping pasture in County Tipperary lies a circular enclosure that has left no mark whatsoever on the surface of the land.
No earthwork, no raised ground, no scatter of stone. The only evidence that it exists at all came from the air, when an aerial photograph captured a cropmark, the subtle discolouration in growing crops that reveals buried features below, outlining a circular form defined by a fosse, or ditch, cut into the earth. Without that photograph, there would be nothing to suggest the site was there at all.
The enclosure sits on a gradual south-west-facing slope in undulating pastureland, roughly 400 metres south-east of Kilcooly Abbey, the Cistercian monastery founded in the twelfth century and still standing in recognisable form today. What is particularly striking about this corner of Tipperary is the density of similar features in the immediate area. At least four other enclosures have been identified within a radius of roughly 350 metres, clustered to the west and south-west. Whether these represent a sequence of occupation across different periods, or the remains of an organised early medieval landscape in which enclosed settlements and their associated fields existed in close proximity to one another, is not something the available evidence can settle. Circular enclosures of this kind are frequently associated with early medieval ringfort settlements in Ireland, though without excavation it is impossible to date or interpret any individual example with confidence.
Because there is nothing to see at ground level, a visit here offers no obvious focal point. The significance of the site is entirely subsurface, preserved under legislation that protects it from disturbance. Its interest lies less in what can be observed and more in what the landscape quietly contains, a reminder that the fields of rural Tipperary hold a great deal that the eye, unaided, cannot reach.