Enclosure, Kilcoolyabbey, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
In a gently rolling field of pastureland in County Tipperary, there is almost nothing to see.
Almost. A low, roughly circular rise in the ground, no more than twenty-four metres across, is all that remains of an ancient enclosure that has otherwise been ploughed and levelled out of existence. Its true shape only became legible from the air, where a cropmark, the faint differential in crop growth caused by a buried fosse, or defensive ditch, traced the outline of a curvilinear enclosure on an aerial photograph. That photograph revealed what the land surface alone could not: a nearly complete circular boundary, defined by a ditch, quietly persisting beneath the soil.
The site sits on a north-east-facing slope, around four hundred metres south-east of Kilcooly Abbey, a Cistercian foundation with a long and eventful medieval history. That proximity is unlikely to be coincidental. Curvilinear enclosures of this type are broadly associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, and the clustering of several similar enclosures within a few hundred metres of one another, at least four others are recorded in the immediate vicinity, suggests this corner of Tipperary was once a more densely organised landscape than its present pastoral calm implies. The enclosure at Kilcoolyabbey measures approximately twenty-four metres north to south and twenty-one metres east to west, dimensions consistent with a modest enclosed farmstead or ancillary settlement feature rather than a large defended site.