Enclosure, Killurney, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
Half of an ancient enclosure survives in a field on the southern slopes of Slievenamon, the rest of it swallowed by a garden and a raised platform of earth laid down sometime in the 1980s.
What remains is lopsided but legible, a monument interrupted mid-sentence by a property boundary running northwest to southeast, with the ground on the northern side deliberately built up to create a level base for a house. The enclosure was whole once, at least as recently as 1840, when the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded it as an oval form on the hillside.
The surviving southern portion measures roughly 21.5 metres on its longer northwest to southeast axis, though only 6.3 metres across the narrower northeast to southwest span, suggesting the original shape was quite elongated rather than circular. Enclosures of this kind, known in the Irish landscape as ringforts or raths, were typically built as enclosed farmsteads, a bank and fosse defining a protected domestic space. A fosse is simply a ditch, dug to provide material for the bank and to mark the boundary. Here the inner bank stands just five centimetres above the interior, but rises 55 centimetres above the fosse on the outer face. There is also a suggestion of an outer bank beyond the fosse, irregular in profile but measurable, rising roughly 23 centimetres above the fosse on one side. An entrance gap of about four metres faces south, visible in both the inner and outer banks, consistent with the common preference for south-facing openings in enclosures of this type. The whole thing sits on a south-facing break of slope in upland pasture at the foot of Slievenamon, a hill with deep associations in Irish mythology, most famously as the seat of the Fianna in early literary tradition.
The enclosure is under pasture, so the banks present as low grassy undulations rather than sharp earthworks. The southern entrance gap is the clearest feature, and the fosse between the two banks is the easiest way to read the monument's structure from ground level. The northern portion of the enclosure is simply gone, absorbed into the raised garden, so what a visitor sees is genuinely half a monument.