Enclosure, Knockkelly, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
What remains at Knockkelly in County Tipperary is, in a strict sense, almost nothing: a shallow depression where a fosse once ran, a barely perceptible rise where a bank once stood, and a level interior that gives little away.
The enclosure that occupied this west-facing slope at around 300 feet above sea level was levelled in approximately 1975, and the ground has been improved pasture ever since. What is unusual here is the gap between what the site was and what it has become, and the precision with which that loss can be measured.
The 1905 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map records the enclosure clearly: a roughly circular form with an internal diameter of around 40 metres and an overall diameter of approximately 56 metres, defined by a scarp and an outer fosse. A fosse is simply a ditch, typically cut to define or defend an enclosed area, and here it ran around the outer edge of a bank that together gave the monument its shape and presence on the hillside. By the time Cahill recorded the site in 1982, only traces survived: a backfilled fosse roughly 3.2 metres wide and a scant 10 centimetres deep, and a levelled bank of similar height. The oval footprint that could still be traced on the ground, measuring 22 metres north to south and 20 metres east to west, is noticeably smaller than the OS map suggests the original enclosure to have been, which points to just how much had already been lost before any formal record was made. A natural scarp, more than 2 metres high and running north to south a short distance to the west, would have formed part of the site's topographic logic, its builders choosing a position where the landscape itself did some of the work of enclosure.