Enclosure (Large), Clonkill, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Enclosures
On the lower south-eastern face of a ridge in Clonkill, County Westmeath, there is an enclosure that immediately sets itself apart by its sheer scale.
Most early Irish enclosures are modest in diameter, but this one stretches roughly 84 metres on its north-west to south-east axis and around 64 metres across the other way, an oval of considerable size that raises questions about what kind of activity, settlement, or ceremony it was once built to contain.
What remains of the boundary is a fragmentary bank of earth and stone, with a shallow external fosse, a ditch dug around the outside of the bank, still visible along the south-western to north-western arc. That combination of raised bank and external ditch is a hallmark of deliberately defined space, though whether this enclosure was domestic, agricultural, or ceremonial in origin remains unclear. Inside, the ground slopes gently from north to south, and faint traces of cultivation ridges run across it on a north-north-west to south-south-east alignment, suggesting that at some point the interior was put to agricultural use, even after the enclosure's original purpose may have been forgotten. Sometime later again, a lime kiln was constructed directly onto the perimeter bank at the south-west. Lime kilns were used to burn limestone into quicklime for fertilising fields, and the placing of one on the bank itself points to how thoroughly the site had been absorbed into the working landscape by the time of its construction, its ancient boundaries treated simply as convenient raised ground. To the east lies reclaimed land that was once poorly drained, and partially drained bogland sits to the north-west, which gives a sense of how this ridge would have stood out as a practical, drier vantage point in an otherwise wet midland terrain.