Enclosure, Rathmore, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Enclosures
A field that looks, to the naked eye, like nothing more than a gently sloping pasture on the western edge of a north-to-south ridge in County Tipperary turns out, when seen from the air, to be something else entirely.
Aerial photographs revealed a semi-circular cropmark roughly 40 metres in diameter, the kind of mark left in growing vegetation when buried features alter the way soil retains moisture or nutrients. What is unusual here is not simply the cropmark itself but the uncertainty surrounding it: nobody can say with confidence whether it represents half of a circular enclosure, its other half lost to different crop conditions in the adjoining field, or whether it forms part of a wider field system.
The site sits within a cluster of related features. It is conjoined with another enclosure to the north and a possible enclosure to the west, and associated with a larger enclosure nearby. About 300 metres to the south, on the crest of the same ridge, stands the ringfort known as Rathmore, a raised earthwork of the kind built throughout Ireland roughly between the early medieval period and the early Norman centuries, typically enclosing a farmstead or small settlement. The relationship between the ringfort and this possible enclosure is not spelled out, but the concentration of features along the ridge suggests a landscape that was organised and occupied over a long period. One detail offered by the landowner is quietly striking: when the field was levelled some years ago, the soil in the area of the larger associated enclosure was found to be very black and distinctly different from the surrounding ground. Dark, organically enriched soil of that kind is often a sign of prolonged human activity, the slow accumulation of occupation deposits, ash, and refuse over generations. The subtle undulations still visible in the field are likely all that remains above ground of whatever was once here.