Enclosure, Roosca, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Roosca, Co. Tipperary

In the fields of Roosca in County Tipperary, beneath ordinary pasture on the flat summit of a rocky outcrop spur, there is an enclosure that no longer announces itself to the eye.

No wall, no bank, no earthwork survives above ground. The only evidence that something was ever here comes from two Ordnance Survey maps, separated by sixty-six years, both of which recorded a circular form in the same spot: the first edition of 1840 shows it as a circular enclosure, and the second edition of 1906 depicts it as a circular raised area, roughly 27 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west. Whatever it once was, the land has since swallowed it entirely.

Enclosures of this kind, circular or near-circular boundaries defined by a bank or ditch, appear across Ireland in a variety of forms and from a broad range of periods. Some are early medieval ringforts, once the enclosed farmsteads of local families; others are burial sites or ceremonial spaces of much earlier date. Without excavation, the Roosca enclosure cannot be assigned to any of these categories with confidence. What the setting does suggest is that whoever chose this location had an eye for ground: the flat summit gives way to a sharp drop on the south and south-west sides, with a gentler slope to the north-west, making the spur naturally defensible or at least conspicuous in the landscape. About 150 metres to the south-east, the structure recorded as Roosca castle is still visible, raising the possibility that the two sites, whatever their respective dates, once formed part of the same layered occupation of this small elevated feature.

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