Enclosure, Warrington, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Warrington, Co. Kilkenny

In the farmland outside Warrington in County Kilkenny, a circle sits inside an oval, and both have been quietly eroding into the landscape for longer than anyone can say with certainty.

The inner ring measures roughly 50 metres across; the outer oval stretches approximately 100 metres on its longer axis. Most people driving or walking past would register only a field boundary and think nothing of it.

The monument first appears on the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1839 to 1840, already reduced to a pattern of earthworks that surveyors could trace but not easily date. By the time of the revised mapping in 1945 to 1946, field boundaries had begun to absorb parts of the outer enclosure, with the southern perimeter running right up to a modern boundary line, suggesting the full extent of the monument continues just beyond it. The most revealing evidence came not from the ground at all but from the air. An aerial photograph taken on 16 July 1971 shows a curvilinear cropmark, the kind of faint discolouration in growing crops that betrays buried ditches and banks beneath the soil, extending roughly 20 metres north of the containing field boundary. A break in the fosse, the outer ditch of an enclosure, appears to the north and may indicate an original entrance. The same photograph picks up a second, sub-rectangular enclosure as a cropmark to the west, its northern side running east to west about 30 metres from the main monument. Whether the two were contemporary, or belong to different periods of use layered on top of one another, is not recorded. Enclosures of this general type, a defended or demarcated circular space sometimes associated with early medieval settlement or earlier ceremonial use, are common enough in the Irish landscape, but the nested arrangement here, one circle held within a larger oval, gives this particular example a slightly more complex character than most.

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