Hut site, Gleann Fán, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Settlement Sites
On the lower southern slopes of Mount Eagle, overlooking Dingle Bay, a sub-oval cashel encloses a small world of stone that has been quietly rearranging itself for centuries.
Known as Caher Conor, or Cathair na gConchúrach in Irish, the site contains five surviving structures in varying states of repair, along with faint traces of others that were once more legible. A cashel is a stone-walled enclosure, typically of early medieval date, used to define and defend a farmstead or settlement, and this one is unusual for the density and variety of what survives within its walls.
The three main clochauns, corbelled drystone huts built without mortar using carefully layered stone that curves inward to a self-supporting roof, give some sense of what the enclosure once held. The largest of the three measures five metres in internal diameter, its walls still standing nearly three metres high, with a souterrain, an underground passage likely used for storage or refuge, opening into it at ground level. Two of the huts share a rectangular enclosure between them, and when the artist and antiquarian George Du Noyer visited the site in the nineteenth century, he found two small chambers in the corners of this enclosure still intact; by the time the archaeologist R. A. S. Macalister came to record it, both were gone. His own notes mentioned further hut foundations to the north and northeast of the interior, of which only vague traces remain today. The site has been changing since it was first formally recorded, and the process has not stopped.
What makes Cathair na gConchúrach particularly interesting to look at closely is the detail that survives in the surviving huts. One clochaun retains a pointed oval plan that may be the result of later modification to an originally circular structure. Another has two low uprights in its interior whose purpose is not understood. A rectangular foundation abutting the eastern cashel wall, its drystone walls surviving to about half a metre, adds a further structural layer to a site that resists any single, tidy interpretation.