Kiln - corn-drying, Skehacreggaun, Co. Limerick

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Kilns

Kiln – corn-drying, Skehacreggaun, Co. Limerick

What came to light at Skehacreggaun in County Limerick was not a monument anyone had been looking for.

The site only emerged because a housing development was planned, and archaeological monitoring, a routine condition attached to such works, happened to be thorough. What the ground gave up was a corn-drying kiln, a structure used in medieval Ireland to dry harvested grain before milling or storage, typically consisting of a flue to channel heat and a drying chamber where cereals were spread on a rack above the warmth. This particular example, however, appears to have been abandoned before it ever properly worked.

Archaeologist Jacinta Kiely identified the site during monitoring carried out under Licence No. 04E0414, and it was subsequently excavated in 2005. The kiln lay at the eastern side of a field bounded by the R512, and its remains comprised two conjoined cuts: a sub-rectangular drying chamber measuring 2.22 metres by 1.46 metres, and a flue extending 3.57 metres to the south. Seven stake-holes inside the drying chamber would have supported a drying rack for the grain, possibly also outer walls or a covering. The flue, however, told a more puzzling story. There was no evidence of in situ burning, no definable hearth area, and the base of the flue rose sharply as it approached the chamber, forming what would have acted as a baffle against sparks. Taken together, these details led Kiely to suggest the structure may have been a prototype or trial kiln, perhaps abandoned when it became clear the flue was misaligned or the location unsuitable. Two earlier pit cuts found beneath the kiln added further complexity; their relationship to the kiln construction was not entirely clear, though animal bone and charcoal flecks recovered from their fills hint at activity on the site before the kiln was ever attempted. The kiln is considered likely medieval in date on morphological grounds. A circular pit and a holy well were also recorded nearby during the same excavation.

The site itself lies in an area now given over to modern development, and nothing above ground marks its location. The record survives in the excavation report compiled by Kiely and logged on excavations.ie (2005:1017). For anyone interested in the archaeology of everyday medieval life, the interest here is less in visiting a visible monument than in understanding what the excavation captured: the evidence not of a working technology but of one that was tried, found wanting, and quietly left in the ground.

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