Kiln - lime, An Inse Mhór, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Kilns
In a field at An Inse Mhór in County Cork, a small square structure sits half-swallowed by the slope it was built into, its eastern wall collapsed and its circular funnel long since filled in.
It is a lime kiln, the kind of workaday industrial feature that once appeared in the corner of almost every Irish farm and has since been largely forgotten, quietly disappearing into hedgerows and pasture. A lime kiln was used to burn limestone at high temperatures, producing quicklime that farmers spread across acidic soils to improve fertility. This one measures roughly 3.75 metres north to south and 3.85 metres east to west, with a front face still standing to about 2.8 metres and a rear face reduced to around 1.5 metres where the natural slope swallows it from behind.
The southern face carries a lintelled recess, a low arched opening framed by a horizontal stone across its top, which allowed workers to rake out the burnt lime once firing was complete. Behind that opening, sloping slabs guide the eye back into the body of the structure, above which the circular funnel, at 1.65 metres in diameter, would have held the alternating layers of limestone and fuel. The kiln appears on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, which places it firmly in the first half of the nineteenth century, a period when agricultural improvement schemes and the wider availability of coal and limestone made small farm kilns increasingly common across Munster.
The kiln sits in pasture close to a road, which makes it relatively straightforward to observe from the roadside, though the partial collapse of the eastern wall and the encroaching vegetation are well advanced. The lintelled recess at the front is the most legible feature remaining, and it gives a clear sense of how the structure was designed to be worked from the south, with the slope doing the labour of insulation at the back.