Midden, Gooreen, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Settlement Sites

Midden, Gooreen, Co. Galway

On the northern shoreline of Omey Island, a tidal island off the Connemara coast in County Galway, a dark band running through a dune face marks the remains of a midden, the accumulated refuse of people who once ate here, mostly limpets, along with fragments of bone.

A midden is essentially an ancient rubbish deposit, typically a dense layer of shells, animal remains, and other domestic waste, and this one stretches some 4.4 metres in a northwest to southeast alignment. It sits on a small headland at a place called Gooreen, roughly 25 metres from a second midden nearby, which suggests this stretch of shoreline was a place of repeated, habitual occupation rather than a single passing visit.

Emerging from the same dune face, at the southeastern end of the midden deposit, are the partial walls of at least two structures whose full extent remains buried in the sand. The better-preserved of the two has an east wall standing to an exposed height of 1.1 metres, built of granite rubble boulders, mortared, and with traces of plaster still visible on its inner face. The west wall of the same structure is considerably more degraded, and the two walls appear not to have been parallel, with the west wall diverging northward. About 7 metres further to the southeast, an L-shaped section of walling built from granite rubble, spalls, and mortar protrudes from the dune at a similar height. Both structures may be the remains of houses, and their character is consistent with buildings shown approximately 90 metres to the southeast on the 1839 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map. When the site was revisited in June 2022, a further section of the midden had been newly exposed about 5 metres to the west, also composed mainly of limpet shells, with rabbit burrows disturbing its lower edge and tumbled walling visible nearby that may represent yet another structure beginning to emerge from the dune.

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