Ringfort, Knocknagappagh, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort, Knocknagappagh, Co. Galway

In the undulating grassland of Knocknagappagh, a faint curve in the ground marks what was once a defended homestead, probably occupied during the early medieval period.

The earthwork is so reduced now that it takes a practised eye to read it at all, which makes it, in its own quiet way, rather interesting. Most ringforts, or raths, survive well enough to be immediately legible as circular enclosures, the raised bank and ditch still announcing a boundary. Here, only a fragment of bank survives from the north-east to the south-east, and the rest of the enclosure is traceable only as a scarp, a low natural-looking slope that is actually the degraded remnant of an artificial earthen wall.

The monument is subcircular in plan, measuring roughly 33.8 metres on its north-northwest to south-southeast axis and 27 metres across from east-northeast to west-southwest. Those modest dimensions are fairly typical for a single-family rath of the sort that would have enclosed a farmstead, its outbuildings, and perhaps some livestock during the first millennium. What makes this particular example harder to appreciate is that field boundaries, the low stone walls or ditches that farmers have laid across the landscape over centuries, cut directly through the monument at both its west-southwest and east-northeast edges. The enclosure, in other words, has been bisected by later agricultural reorganisation, which has both damaged and partially disguised whatever earthwork profile once existed.

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Pete F
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