Ringfort (Rath), Ballingarry, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
On an east-facing slope in the uplands near Ballingarry in County Tipperary, a large circular enclosure sits quietly in grassland, its earthen bank worn down over centuries but still legible in the landscape.
This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, a form of enclosed farmstead that was common across Ireland from roughly the early medieval period. Thousands survive across the country, yet each one is a small puzzle: who built it, who farmed within it, and why here.
The enclosure is substantial by any measure. The interior diameter runs to around 47 metres north to south and 45 metres east to west, placing it at the larger end of the ringfort scale. It is defined by an earth and stone bank, still standing to an external height of around 1.2 metres in places, though along the eastern, downslope side it has been reduced largely to a scarp, a low step in the ground rather than a proper raised bank. Beyond the bank runs an outer fosse, which is the ditch that would originally have been dug to provide the material for constructing the bank itself; here the fosse measures around five metres across at the top and roughly a metre deep. At the north-east, there is a possible entrance gap of about 3.5 metres, the point where livestock and inhabitants would have passed in and out. What makes the setting particularly notable is the proximity of two further ringforts within a few hundred metres, one to the north-north-east and another to the east. Finding three such enclosures clustered this closely together suggests the area was a focus of early farming activity, with separate family groups or generations occupying adjacent plots of the same upland ground.