Ringfort (Rath), Ballinure, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
A large ringfort on the uplands near Ballinure in County Tipperary has an unusual feature that sets it apart from the more straightforward examples of its type: there is no evidence of a separate external entrance into the main enclosure.
To get in, it seems, you had to pass through a smaller adjoining enclosure first. That arrangement gives the site a layered, almost deliberately cautious quality that is easy to miss if you are simply looking at the earthworks from the outside.
Ringforts, also known as raths, are roughly circular enclosures defined by one or more banks and ditches, built mainly during the early medieval period in Ireland and used as farmsteads or places of shelter. This one sits on a south-east facing slope just below the summit of a hilltop, with wide views in every direction, a position that would have made it both defensible and visible across the surrounding landscape. The main enclosure is substantial, measuring around 62 metres north to south and 65 metres east to west, and it was once protected by an inner bank, a fosse (that is, a ditch), and an outer bank. The full sequence of defences survives best on the uphill side, from the south-west around through west and north, where the earthworks still read clearly as bank, ditch, and bank again. On the lower, south-eastern arc, erosion and agricultural pressure have worn the inner bank down to little more than a scarp, and the fosse and outer bank have largely disappeared. A field immediately to the north had been under the plough at the time of survey, which gives some sense of the pressures bearing on this kind of monument in an actively farmed landscape. The smaller circular enclosure that adjoins the main rath to the north-north-west connects to it through a causewayed entrance about six metres wide, and it is this secondary enclosure, rather than any gap in the outer defences, that appears to have served as the point of arrival.