Ringfort (Rath), Ballinvilla, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballinvilla, Co. Mayo

A farm track now runs straight through the middle of this early medieval ringfort on a drumlin ridge in County Mayo, bisecting what was once a carefully engineered circular enclosure.

A field fence cuts across it too, dividing what remains upstanding from what has been levelled flat. The site has been pulled in several directions by centuries of agricultural use, and yet it has not entirely disappeared.

A rath is an earthen ringfort, typically dating from the early medieval period, built as a defended farmstead for a single family or small community. This one sits on a south-south-west-facing slope of a drumlin, the elongated glacial ridge offering wide views across the surrounding terrain, though rising ground to the north-north-east and north-east closes off the sight lines in those directions. The 1838 Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded it as a circular enclosure, already with an east-west field boundary running through its centre. By later map editions the damage was more apparent, the site appearing D-shaped, the southern half evidently lost to levelling. On the ground today, the northern half survives in reasonable condition: an earthen bank roughly 4.9 metres wide and standing about 1.6 metres high on its outer face, with a fosse, or defensive ditch, beyond it some 4.25 metres wide and a metre deep, and a low counterscarp bank on the outer edge of the ditch. The whole circuit measures approximately 34 metres in diameter. The southern half, though levelled, can still be traced as a faint undulation in the pasture, the ghost of the original line preserved just below the surface of the field.

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Pete F
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