Ringfort (Rath), Ballybraher, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
What remains of this early medieval enclosure at Ballybraher is, in a sense, more interesting for what is missing than for what survives.
A ringfort, or rath, was typically a circular earthen enclosure used as a farmstead during the early medieval period in Ireland, defined by a raised bank and sometimes a surrounding ditch. Here, only an arc of that bank remains, running from the western to the north-eastern side, reaching about a metre in height, with a shallow external fosse still legible alongside it. The southern side may have been absorbed into a later field boundary, which is a common fate for these structures as agricultural land use shifted across the centuries.
The 1842 Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded the site as a complete circular enclosure, which means that within living memory of that survey the form was still coherent enough to be mapped as such. Aerial photography taken in August 1989 as part of the Cork Aerial Survey Archaeological Programme tells a different story: by that point, the field fences immediately to the north had been levelled, and the arc from west to north-east was all that photography could confirm. The site sits in pasture, immediately east of a steep-sided stream valley, the kind of topographical position that would have offered early medieval settlers both drainage and a degree of natural defence on one flank, while leaving the enclosure bank to do the work on the other sides.