Ringfort (Rath), Ballycapple, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballycapple, Co. Tipperary

A modest rise in the North Tipperary landscape holds the remains of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the twelfth century.

Thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation, but this one at Ballycapple is notable for the quiet precision with which its dimensions have been recorded against what time and agriculture have left behind.

The enclosure is nearly circular, measuring just under 26 metres across, and would originally have been defined by a continuous earth and stone bank. That bank still stands to a maximum external height of just over two metres on its better-preserved sides, though on the eastern and southern arcs it has been worn down to little more than a scarp, a low sloping edge where the full profile has eroded or been deliberately reduced. A field fence running east to west now bisects the interior entirely, dividing what was once a unified domestic space. A gap of about two metres on the south-eastern side was noted in Office of Public Works correspondence from 1979 as a possible original entrance, the kind of narrow opening that would have been closed with a wooden gate or hurdle to secure livestock overnight, which was among the primary functions of such enclosures.

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