Ringfort (Rath), Ballydonagh, Co. Galway

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Ringfort (Rath), Ballydonagh, Co. Galway

What makes this particular enclosure in Ballydonagh quietly interesting is not what survives, but what the surviving traces reveal about how people once organised the land.

Sitting on a slight rise in grassland, the earthwork is the southern of two conjoined enclosures that once sat side by side, a pairing that was still legible on the first edition of the Ordnance Survey map but has since become much harder to read on the ground.

The site is a bivallate rath, meaning it was defined by two concentric banks rather than the single bank more commonly seen. Between those banks ran a fosse, the shallow ditch whose excavated material typically went to build up the earthen ramparts on either side. Raths of this type were farmsteads of the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, and the double-bank arrangement is generally associated with higher status or additional security. The southern enclosure was subcircular in plan and measured approximately fifty metres on its north to south axis. Much of the outer bank has since been absorbed into a later field boundary, which is partly why so little of the original form remains clear. The inner bank and the fosse between them are also poorly preserved, reduced by centuries of agricultural use on the surrounding grassland.

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