Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhooly, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyhooly, Co. Cork

Some archaeological sites announce themselves with standing walls or weathered earthworks.

This one in Ballyhooly, north County Cork, offers nothing of the sort. The rath, a type of ringfort consisting of a roughly circular earthen enclosure once used as a farmstead or defended homestead in early medieval Ireland, has been completely levelled, leaving no visible trace on the surface of the field that now covers it. It survives, in a sense, only in maps and in light.

Ordnance Survey maps from 1842 and 1935 both record the site as a hachured circular enclosure approximately thirty metres in diameter, which gives some sense of its original footprint. By the time an aerial photograph was taken in August 1990, the earthworks themselves were long gone, but the enclosure's outline reappeared as a cropmark, the ghostly signature of a buried fosse, or ditch, subtly influencing the growth of crops above it and becoming legible only from the air. The surrounding field fences have since been removed as well, erasing even the secondary landscape features that once marked the area. A second circular enclosure sits immediately to the south-east, suggesting this part of the Blackwater Valley may once have held a small cluster of such settlements.

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