Ringfort (Rath), Ballynaboul, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynaboul, Co. Cork

Beneath a pasture field in Ballynaboul, Co. Cork, lies what was once a ringfort, a type of early medieval farmstead typically enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches.

Nothing marks the spot today. The earthwork has been levelled completely, leaving no visible trace at the surface, which places it in a category of sites that exist now almost entirely as a matter of record rather than experience.

What makes the Ballynaboul site quietly telling is the paper trail it left behind. The Ordnance Survey six-inch maps of 1842 and 1937 both show a hachured circular enclosure, with the hachuring indicating an earthen bank rising from the surrounding ground, measuring approximately twenty metres in diameter. The 1905 edition records it slightly differently, as a hachured raised area of the same dimensions, suggesting the earthwork was already beginning to lose definition by the early twentieth century. Between 1937 and the present day, it disappeared entirely, most likely levelled during agricultural improvement. The rath, as this form of ringfort is often called, would originally have served as a defended farmstead during the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, when hundreds of such enclosures were built across Ireland. The Ballynaboul example, at around twenty metres across, was modest even by the standards of its type.

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