Ringfort (Rath), Ballyvadin, Co. Tipperary
Co. Tipperary |
Ringforts
In the middle of a working horse paddock in Ballyvadin, Co. Tipperary, an early medieval farmstead has quietly persisted for over a thousand years, now hemmed in by stable buildings and grazed by horses that show no particular interest in its antiquity.
The structure is a rath, a type of ringfort typically built between the fifth and twelfth centuries as a defended farmstead for a single family or small community. What makes this one worth a second look is how much of it survives despite its agricultural setting, and how much it has been quietly absorbed into the landscape around it.
The fort takes the form of a circular enclosure roughly thirty metres in diameter, defined by a steep earthen scarp that still stands to a height of around 2.2 metres. A fosse, the defensive ditch that typically ran outside the bank of such structures, survives along the northern, eastern, and southern arc of the monument, though overgrowth has made much of it inaccessible, and the southern to north-western stretch has been backfilled at some point. A retaining wall survives in the north-western quadrant, and the original entrance gap, four metres wide, is still visible at the south-south-west. The interior is gently uneven, with slight rises in the western and north-eastern sectors. The rise to the west is of particular interest: the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, surveyed around 1840, appears to show the remains of a lime kiln at that spot on the western bank. A lime kiln would have been used to burn limestone to produce quicklime, a material widely used in agriculture and construction throughout the nineteenth century, suggesting the fort's bank was put to entirely practical use long after its original defensive purpose had been forgotten.