Ringfort (Rath), Bellmount, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Bellmount, Co. Cork

At Bellmount in County Cork, a large oval earthwork sits quietly in pasture at the base of an east-facing slope, its original form worn down to a low bank on one side and a scarp reaching no more than 1.25 metres on the others.

It is easy to underestimate what you are looking at. The enclosure measures roughly 80 metres north to south and 70 metres east to west, making it a substantial example of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was typically a circular or oval area enclosed by an earthen bank and used as a farmstead during the early medieval period, broadly from around 500 to 1000 AD.

By the time P. J. Hartnett recorded it in 1939, the site had already been significantly altered. He noted that the fort had been tilled at some point, meaning the interior had been ploughed over, smoothing out whatever surface features might once have been visible within the enclosure. More practically, the bank along the north-east and east sides had been pressed into service as part of the surrounding field fence system, absorbed into the agricultural landscape rather than preserved apart from it. Those field fences have since been removed, leaving the earthwork in a slightly ambiguous state, neither fully intact nor entirely erased.

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