Ringfort (Rath), Blossomfort, Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Blossomfort, Co. Cork

The most telling detail about this ringfort near Blossomfort in County Cork is how thoroughly it has been absorbed into the working landscape around it.

What was once a clearly defined circular enclosure is now a patchwork of scarp and hedgerow, its original form legible only to those who know what to look for, or who happen to be flying overhead at the right time of year.

A rath, as ringforts of this type are often called, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and an outer ditch, known as a fosse, typically used as a farmstead during the early medieval period. This example sits on a gentle north-east-facing slope and was still distinct enough in 1842 to be recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a hachured circular enclosure roughly 45 metres across. By the time the 1905 and 1937 editions of the same map series were produced, the bank along its south-eastern to northern arc had been co-opted into the local field fence system, a process of quiet erasure that is common across the Irish countryside but rarely documented so clearly across successive map editions. The eastern side had by then been reduced to an open scarp. What survives on the ground today is a roughly circular area measuring approximately 48 metres north to south and 42 metres east to west, with a low scarp running from the north-west to the north and an overgrown section standing to around 1.2 metres in height still embedded in the field boundaries. The fosse, which would originally have rung the outer edge of the enclosure, was reportedly infilled with earth in recent times. Despite this, the full outline of the bank and external fosse remains visible as a cropmark in aerial photographs, a phenomenon that occurs when buried or levelled earthworks affect how vegetation above them grows, particularly in dry summers when differences in soil moisture become pronounced.

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