Ringfort (Rath), Caher By., Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
Sitting atop a low rise in pastureland in Caher Barony, this ringfort is almost exactly circular, measuring 37 metres north to south and 37.5 metres east to west, with an earthen bank still standing close to two metres high.
What makes it quietly compelling is what survives at the entrance and beneath the ground. The eastern gateway, three metres wide, is revetted on its northern side by two upright stone slabs, and the causeway crossing the external fosse is defined on either side by a pair of recumbent slabs. That fosse, a shallow external ditch running from the east around to the west-southwest, is only about 0.6 metres deep today, but its arc is still readable in the landscape.
Ringforts of this kind, known in Irish as raths, were the dominant settlement form in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the sixth to the twelfth century. They served as enclosed farmsteads, the earthen bank providing a degree of security for people and livestock rather than any serious military defence. The stone-revetted entrance here is a relatively careful piece of construction, suggesting the site was built and maintained with some effort. Inside, large boulders have been dumped across the southern half of the interior, a later disturbance that obscures whatever original surface features may have existed. More intriguing is the souterrain recorded in the interior. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, typically associated with storage and, in times of threat, temporary refuge. They are common companions to ringforts across Munster and are usually among the most durable elements of these sites, surviving even when the earthworks above have been ploughed or eroded almost flat.