Ringfort (Rath), Carrignagroghera, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Carrignagroghera, Co. Cork

Most ancient earthworks are damaged by time and weather.

This one in Carrignagroghera, County Cork, has had an unusually eventful modern afterlife, having been ploughed over, raced over, flown over, and putted over. A ringfort, or rath, is a roughly circular enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period, formed by an earthen bank and external ditch and used as a defended farmstead. The rath at Carrignagroghera has been levelled so thoroughly that little of it now survives above ground, yet the outline of the place refuses entirely to disappear.

On the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, the site appears as a clear hachured circular enclosure. By the 1935 revision, it is still recorded, shown as a raised area of roughly 35 metres in diameter. When researchers O'Kelly and Shee examined the site in 1968, they described a platform-like structure around 41 metres across, with faint traces of a bank at its edge and a slight external ditch. They noted that the site had been repeatedly disturbed by successive uses of the surrounding land, specifically a race-course, a military airfield, a golf course, and a driving green, each activity taking its own toll on what remained. There was also a souterrain recorded on the western side of the interior; a souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage, often associated with ringforts, used for storage or refuge.

Today, the site sits in pasture on level ground above an east-facing slope. The earthwork itself is largely gone, but the circular outline of the old fosse, the external ditch, remains visible as a cropmark in aerial photography, one of those ghostly impressions the landscape holds onto long after the structures themselves have been erased. Standing at the spot, a visitor might notice only a slight rise in the ground, which is, given everything the site has been through, a quiet kind of persistence.

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