Ringfort (Rath), Claraghatlea, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Claraghatlea, Co. Cork

At the foot of Claragh mountain in north Cork, a slight hump in a grazing field is just about all that remains of what was once the largest of two ringforts sitting side by side on the same stretch of land.

Local information holds that the earthwork was levelled around 1966, reducing a structure that had already been shrinking on record for decades to little more than a faint rise in the pasture.

A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is an early medieval enclosed settlement, typically circular, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches. They are the most common archaeological monument type in Ireland, yet this one had features that set it apart from the ordinary. When the Ordnance Survey first mapped the area in 1842, the enclosure was recorded at roughly 45 metres in diameter. By the early twentieth century, the mapped diameter had dropped to around 25 metres, and the surviving earthwork was shown with an external fosse, a defensive ditch, running from south to north. Writing in 1934, Bowman noted it as practically levelled even then, a single-ramparted fort of about 35 yards across, with the interior still sitting some 18 inches above the surrounding field. Three years later, Broker recorded something more elaborate: a double fence and a deep moat, and identified this eastern fort as the larger of the two on the land then belonging to C. O'Sullivan. A second ringfort survives to the west in the same field, and the pair together suggest this was once a more significant occupied enclosure than a lone, modest rath might imply.

The site sits on a break in a north-facing slope, the kind of position that would have offered good visibility over the surrounding lowland while keeping the enclosure sheltered against the mountain behind it. The slight rise that remains is barely legible today, the sort of thing a walker might cross without a second thought.

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