Ringfort (Rath), Clomantagh, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Ringforts
Most ringforts announce themselves clearly in the landscape, their circular banks catching the eye from a distance.
This one, on the brow of a south-east-facing slope in Clomantagh, Co. Kilkenny, does the opposite. Rising ground cuts off any long view outward, and the earthwork itself has been worn down enough over the centuries that much of what once defined it as a monument has retreated into the contours of the hillside. Where the inner bank has survived, it stands to an internal height of just under a metre; on the outer face, barely 1.7 metres. For much of its circuit, the ringfort is now readable only as a scarp, a slight but deliberate edge in the ground rather than a formed bank.
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. The occupant would have lived within the circular enclosure, protected by an earthen bank, a fosse (a surrounding ditch), and sometimes an outer bank as well. Here, all three elements are present, though the fosse has silted and infilled along its south-eastern to south-western arc, leaving only the northern section legible as open ground. The internal diameter runs to 37 metres north to south, a fairly typical domestic scale. A possible entrance survives to the north. Modern field boundaries have crept up to the inner bank in the north-western and south-western sectors, which is common enough on farmed land, where ancient earthworks are gradually absorbed into working field systems. Roughly 200 metres to the south-south-east, the Clomantagh tower house and its associated bawn, a walled enclosure attached to such a fortified house, occupy the same general landscape, the two monuments separated by several centuries of occupation but sharing the same sheltered slope.