Ringfort (Rath), Cloonkeen By.), Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloonkeen By.), Co. Cork

Scattered across the Irish countryside in their thousands, ringforts are among the most common archaeological features in the landscape, yet familiarity has made them easy to overlook.

This one, sitting on a west-facing slope in the Cloonkeen barony of County Cork, is quietly intact in ways that reward a second look. A rath, as this type of earthwork enclosure is known in Irish, was typically a farmstead of the early medieval period, enclosed by one or more earthen banks to define territory and provide a degree of security for a farming household and their livestock.

The enclosure here is roughly circular, measuring 35 metres north to south and 36 metres east to west, which places it in the mid-range of surviving examples. Its defining feature is the earthen bank, which still stands to a height of 2.8 metres, a considerable survival given centuries of agricultural activity around it. On the western and south-western sides, the fosse, the outer ditch dug to construct the bank, has silted up over time but remains traceable in the ground. The entrance, at 3 metres wide, faces to the south-south-west, a common orientation in Irish ringforts, and the interior has evidently seen continued cultivation, its surface sloping gently downward toward the west. The fact that the site sits in pasture has likely helped preserve the bank, as repeated ploughing can reduce earthworks like this to near-invisibility within a generation or two.

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Pete F
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