Ringfort (Rath), Cloonkilla, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
On an ordinary stretch of pasture in Cloonkilla, North Cork, there is a ringfort that no longer exists in any form the eye can detect.
No earthwork, no ridge, no hollow in the ground gives away the fact that something was once here at all. It is, in every practical sense, an invisible archaeological site.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically surrounded by one or more circular earthen banks and ditches. They were built throughout the early medieval period and remained a feature of the Irish landscape in their thousands, making them among the most common monument types in the country. The Cloonkilla example appears clearly on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, drawn as a hachured circular enclosure, the standard cartographic shorthand of the time for an earthwork visible on the ground. It appears again on the 1905 and 1935 editions of the same map series, this time described as a roughly circular raised area with a diameter of approximately twenty-five metres. Somewhere between that last recorded sighting and the present day, the feature was levelled, most likely through agricultural improvement, leaving no visible surface trace whatsoever. The map record is now the only evidence that this particular corner of North Cork was once enclosed and inhabited.