Ringfort (Rath), Cloonteens, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloonteens, Co. Cork

There is nothing left to see here, and that, in its own way, is the point.

On a gently west-facing slope above the Awbeg River in north County Cork, a ringfort once stood that has since been so thoroughly erased by agriculture that it leaves no visible trace whatsoever on the ground. Ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, are among the most common archaeological monument types in the country, yet even common things can vanish entirely. This one is now pasture, indistinguishable from the fields around it.

The fort appears clearly enough on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, rendered as a hachured circular enclosure with a diameter of around 35 metres. By the time Bowman recorded it in 1934, it was already levelled, described then as a single-ramparted fort of roughly 34 yards in diameter on land belonging to a D. O'Sullivan. That gap between the map and Bowman's note tells its own quiet story about what the intervening decades of land improvement could do to earthworks that had survived a thousand years. One detail complicates the picture of total loss, however. A possible souterrain, the term for an underground stone-lined passage typically associated with early medieval settlement and thought to have served for storage or refuge, may survive in the interior of the former enclosure. Underground features are harder to erase than earthen banks, and if the souterrain is genuine, something of the site persists beneath the grass even where nothing rises above it.

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