Ringfort (Rath), Cloonygorman, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloonygorman, Co. Cork

On a hilltop in Cloonygorman, a near-perfect circle of raised earth sits in open pasture, quiet and largely unremarked.

The earthen bank, still standing close to two metres high, encloses a roughly circular interior measuring about 32 metres across, and beneath that interior lies a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, of the kind that early medieval farmers used for cold storage, refuge, or both.

This is a rath, the most common monument type in the Irish landscape, built and occupied roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. A rath is essentially a ringfort defined by earthen rather than stone construction, its bank thrown up from a central ditch to create a defended farmstead for a family of some local standing. Thousands survive across Ireland, many reduced to faint cropmark traces, which makes the preservation here, with its bank still nearly two metres tall on the crest of a hill, worth remarking on. The souterrain inside adds another layer of interest. These underground features are found in perhaps a quarter of all ringforts, but they remain slightly mysterious in terms of their precise use; access was deliberately awkward, suggesting concealment mattered as much as storage.

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