Ringfort (Rath), Coolykeerane, Co. Cork
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Ringforts
Tucked into grazing land in North Cork, this ringfort carries an internal feature that most examples of its type do not: a low, concentric rise running from west to north-east, set roughly eight metres inside the outer enclosing bank.
Ringforts, or raths, are roughly circular enclosures built during the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and served as enclosed farmsteads for a family and their livestock. The presence of what appears to be a secondary internal bank, however modest in height, suggests a more complex arrangement than the standard single-ringed enclosure.
The outer bank is substantial enough to read clearly in the landscape today. It measures around 48 metres north to south and 46 metres east to west, with an internal height of 1.5 metres and an external height of 2.3 metres. A shallow fosse, the external ditch that was typically dug to provide material for building the bank, survives along the northern and eastern sides. Two breaks in the bank likely mark original entrances: one to the north-north-east, roughly 2.3 metres wide, and another to the west-north-west at 2 metres. The southern and western sections of the bank have been absorbed into the modern field boundary system over time, which is a common fate for earthworks that remained useful to later farmers as ready-made divisions of land. The inner face of the bank on the southern side retains a single stepped profile, a detail that points to how it was originally constructed or subsequently modified. Perhaps most intriguing is a possible souterrain in the north-west quadrant. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage or chamber, commonly associated with early medieval settlement sites and thought to have served for storage or as a place of refuge.
A laneway runs along the south-western side of the bank, which gives a practical reference point for locating the earthwork in the field. The interior, currently in pasture, offers a reasonable sense of the enclosure's scale when viewed from within or along the bank crest.