Ringfort (Rath), Currabeha, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Currabeha, Co. Cork

A laneway cuts directly through the middle of this ringfort in Currabeha, Co. Cork, dividing what survives of an early medieval farmstead enclosure into two unequal halves.

That kind of intrusion is not unusual in the Irish countryside, where thousands of ringforts, known in Irish as raths, have been quietly eroded by centuries of agricultural use, but it does make this particular example unusually legible once you know what you are looking at.

A ringfort, or rath, is essentially a circular earthen enclosure, typically dating from the early medieval period, that once served as a defended farmstead for a family of some local standing. This one at Currabeha sits on a north-facing slope in tillage land and appears on a 1943 Ordnance Survey six-inch map as a partially levelled circular enclosure measuring roughly 35 metres in diameter. On the south-western side of the laneway, an earthen bank still rises to about 1.2 metres, curving in an arc from south to west. The bank is faced with stone on its inner side, constructed in much the same way as the field fences immediately surrounding it, which suggests either that the original builders used similar materials and methods, or that the boundary was repaired or adapted over time using whatever was to hand. On the north-eastern side of the laneway, the enclosure's former extent is marked only by a slight rise in the ground. A row of coniferous trees planted just outside the bank, in the area where a fosse, or defensive ditch, would once have run, further marks out the site's original footprint without making it immediately obvious to a passing eye.

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