Ringfort (Rath), Curraghcarroll, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Curraghcarroll, Co. Tipperary

A townland boundary cuts straight through the middle of this early medieval enclosure in the mountains of north Tipperary, which means that for an unknown stretch of time, two separate administrative territories have shared a ringfort between them.

That kind of division tends to say something about how long a feature has been sitting in a landscape, quietly outlasting the social arrangements made around it.

The ringfort at Curraghcarroll sits on a north-east facing slope along a north-west to south-east ridge in a mountainous part of the county. Ringforts, also known as raths, are roughly circular enclosures typically built during the early medieval period, between about the fifth and twelfth centuries, and were most commonly used as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or household. This one is defined by two concentric banks of earth and stone with a fosse, or ditch, running between them, the whole enclosing a roughly circular interior measuring around 45 metres across its longer axis. The inner bank survives to an external height of about 1.5 metres and is the better preserved of the two; the outer bank, slightly broader but lower, has been largely destroyed on its western and southern sides, remaining traceable only from the north around through east to south. The fosse between them is modest, about 1.5 metres wide and under a metre deep, but still legible in the ground. Scattered across the interior are quarry holes, suggesting that at some point stone was being extracted from within the enclosure itself, which may account for some of the damage to the site's fabric.

The bisecting townland boundary is perhaps the most quietly arresting detail here. Administrative boundaries in rural Ireland are often ancient, and when one cuts directly through a pre-existing monument, it raises the question of whether the ringfort was already a ruin when the boundary was drawn, or whether the enclosure was deliberately incorporated into a boundary as a recognised landmark. Either way, the site has ended up split between two territories, an arrangement that has apparently persisted without resolution.

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Pete F
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