Ringfort (Rath), Curraghnaloughra, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
Sitting atop a hill in the pastureland of Curraghnaloughra in West Cork, this earthwork is easy to walk past without registering what it actually is.
The ground rises slightly, the grass gives way to ferns, and then you are standing inside something that was already ancient when the Normans arrived in Ireland. That slight rise underfoot is the remains of an earthen bank, and the hollow just beyond it was once a defensive ditch.
This is a rath, the most common type of ringfort found across Ireland, typically dating from the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. Raths were enclosed farmsteads rather than military fortifications in any grand sense; the bank and fosse, the ditch outside the bank, defined a household's space and offered protection for livestock against raiders and wolves. This particular example is roughly circular, measuring 32.2 metres north to south and 39.4 metres northeast to southwest, which places it comfortably within the range of a modest but substantial homestead. The earthen bank still stands around one metre high on its inner face and rises to 2.2 metres on the exterior, where the ground drops away more sharply. The external fosse, now only about 0.4 metres deep, has largely silted and grassed over across the centuries. A gap of 2.4 metres on the southeast side marks what would have been the original entrance. The interior is partially overtaken by ferns, which in practical terms means the enclosed area retains a sense of separateness from the surrounding field, even if the structure is no longer immediately legible as an archaeological site to the uninitiated eye.