Ringfort (Rath), Curraheenduff, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Curraheenduff, Co. Tipperary

A small plantation of conifers, probably put in during the early twentieth century, now fills the interior of an early medieval ringfort on a south-facing slope of the Slieveardagh hills in County Tipperary.

The trees are an odd intrusion into what was once an open, deliberately exposed enclosure, and they have made it harder to read the earthwork beneath them, though they have also, in their way, preserved it from the worst of the surrounding agricultural activity.

Ringforts, also known as raths, were the standard enclosed farmstead of early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a circular bank and ditch surrounding a dwelling and outbuildings. This example at Curraheenduff measures roughly 21 metres north to south and 22.5 metres east to west, enclosed by an earth and stone bank that survives to an external height of about 0.6 metres. On the upslope, northern side, the bank is at its most legible, where the natural gradient offered more protection and where cattle pressure has been less destructive. Elsewhere, the enclosing bank has been worn down to little more than a scarp. Slight traces of an outer fosse, a defensive ditch running outside the bank, survive on the upslope side only. A gap of about 1.2 metres in the bank at the south-south-east may be a degraded entrance, though it could equally be a cattle gap worn through over generations. A second ringfort sits approximately 230 metres to the west, suggesting this part of the Slieveardagh hills supported at least a small cluster of early medieval settlement.

The interior slopes gently from north to south, following the natural lie of the land, and the views from the site open broadly from east through south to west, which would have made it a practical as well as a defensible location. The coniferous planting obscures much of the ground-level detail inside the bank, but the overall form of the monument is still legible from outside, particularly on the northern arc where the earthwork has fared best.

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