Ringfort (Rath), Fortmoy, Co. Tipperary

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Fortmoy, Co. Tipperary

A low hillock in North Tipperary seems an unlikely place to find the remains of an early medieval homestead, yet the rath at Fortmoy sits precisely there, its circular earthworks still legible in the landscape after more than a thousand years.

A rath, or ringfort, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically dating from around 500 to 1000 AD, built by a farming family of some local standing. Tens of thousands once dotted the Irish countryside, and a surprising number survive, though rarely in the kind of condition that makes them easy to read at a glance.

This one consists of a raised circular platform, roughly 34 metres across, ringed by two earthen and stone banks with a fosse, or ditch, between them. The double-bank arrangement is worth noting: most ringforts have only a single enclosing bank, so a second circuit generally indicates either greater status or a heightened concern for security. The inner bank, standing around 1.5 metres on its outer face, is reasonably well preserved. The outer bank has fared less well; a laneway running to farmyard buildings to the north-west has cut through it, erasing that section. There is also a possible entrance gap on the north-west side, which may be original or may simply reflect the same centuries of agricultural attrition that have worn away the outer circuit. The platform itself rises about a metre above the surrounding ground, sitting on a natural hillock that would have given whoever lived here clear sightlines across a wide sweep of the surrounding countryside, a practical advantage that early medieval farmers and their families would have valued as much as any later builder of tower or castle.

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