Ringfort (Rath), Garraun, Co. Tipperary

Co. Tipperary |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Garraun, Co. Tipperary

A slight rise in the grass, a low earthen bank, a scarp that barely registers underfoot: there are ringforts in Ireland that announce themselves grandly, and then there is this one at Garraun.

What survives here is more impression than monument, a circular enclosure roughly 34 metres across whose bank, where it still reads clearly, rises less than a metre above the interior. Horses graze the ground within. The original entrance, if one was ever prominently marked, has left no visible trace.

Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were the most common settlement type in early medieval Ireland, typically enclosing a farmstead and its inhabitants behind one or more earthen or stone banks. At Garraun, the enclosing bank survives to a top width of around 1.2 metres and a base width of 2.5 metres, and is only fully legible as a feature along the northern through western to south-western arc; elsewhere it fades into a low scarp just half a metre high. The first-edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map, produced in the nineteenth century, recorded it as a circular enclosure, which suggests its outline was more coherent then than now. The site sits on upland flat grassland with open views in every direction, a location that would have made good practical sense to whoever chose it. What makes Garraun particularly notable is the company it keeps: two further ringforts lie roughly 140 metres and 280 metres to the south, making this part of the upland unusually dense with these early enclosures.

A modern farm laneway curves around the northern and western sides of the fort, which gives some sense of how the old boundary has been quietly absorbed into the working landscape. The earthwork is easy to miss precisely because it has become part of the field pattern, less a ruin than a persistent habit in the ground.

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