Ringfort (Rath), Garrynamann, Co. Kilkenny

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Garrynamann, Co. Kilkenny

At Garrynamann in County Kilkenny, a broad circular earthwork sits close enough to a rural road that passing traffic must skirt its northern edge, yet the site has attracted remarkably little attention.

A ringfort, or rath, is a type of enclosed farmstead typical of early medieval Ireland, usually dating from roughly the sixth to the twelfth century, in which a family and their livestock were protected by one or more banks and ditches arranged in a ring. This particular example is substantial: the interior alone measures around 47 metres across, with the full extent of bank and surrounding ground reaching approximately 80 metres in diameter, placing it toward the larger end of the scale for monuments of its kind.

The enclosure was already being mapped by the mid-nineteenth century, appearing on the first edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch series produced in 1839, and it remained recorded on the 1948 revision, suggesting the earthwork had survived well into the modern period with its overall shape intact. A line of trees now grows around the perimeter, which is a common enough fate for ringforts that have endured into the contemporary landscape; farmers have often left the banks unploughed and the resulting tree cover both marks and, to some degree, protects the monument beneath. The road running immediately to the north is a reminder of how closely these ancient boundaries and later routeways came to coexist, the one shaping the other across centuries of incremental change to the countryside.

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