Ringfort (Rath), Glantane, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
Most of the ringforts that once dotted the Irish countryside have been quietly absorbed into the landscape, their circular outlines ploughed away or grassed over until barely a trace remains.
This one at Glantane in north Cork has fared a little better, though only partially. An arc of earthen bank, running from the south-west around to the north-north-east, still holds its shape within a field boundary, rising about 1.2 metres on both its inner and outer faces. The rest of the circuit is gone, but what survives is enough to confirm the original form: a subcircular enclosure roughly 30 metres across, sitting on a north-facing slope with its interior deliberately raised on the downhill side to level out the ground within.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were the typical enclosed farmsteads of early medieval Ireland, generally dating from around the 6th to the 10th century. They consisted of a circular bank and ditch surrounding a domestic space, and they were built in their tens of thousands across the country. The Glantane example appears on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps from 1842, 1904, and 1938, each time shown as a hachured subcircular enclosure tucked into the north-west corner of a field, which suggests the earthwork had already been partially incorporated into the agricultural landscape long before the twentieth century. A 1934 account by Bowman recorded two single-ramparted forts on land belonging to a J. Sheehan in this area, with diameters of approximately 31 and 34 yards respectively. The Glantane rath is thought to be one of them, the other having since been levelled entirely. The surviving bank is now heavily overgrown, blending into the hedgerow and field boundary system that has grown up around and partly over it.