Ringfort (Rath), Glanycarney, Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Glanycarney, Co. Cork

What is curious about this ringfort above Glanycarney is the layering of its defences.

Most raths, the earthen enclosures built across Ireland from the early medieval period onward as farmsteads for a single family or small community, present a fairly legible profile: a raised interior, a bank, a ditch. This one is more deliberate in its construction. Two earthen banks run on different arcs around the oval interior, separated by a fosse, the shallow ditch that would have made any approach to the enclosure considerably less straightforward than it looks from a distance.

The site occupies high ground in West Cork, oriented on a roughly oval plan measuring 37 metres north to south and 31 metres east to west. On its eastern to west-south-western arc, a scarp rises to around 1.3 metres, while the western section is defined by a lower earthen bank of about 0.3 metres. The second bank, running from west-north-west to north-east, stands to 0.9 metres and is separated from the inner bank by the intervening fosse. The elevated position is not incidental: it commands views of the Cousane Gap to the west, the Shehy Mountains to the north, and the Bandon River valley to the south-east. Whether this was chosen for surveillance, prestige, or simply the practical advantage of defensible high ground, the site would have read as a statement in the landscape. Inside the enclosure, cultivation ridges still run on a north-south axis, the remnant of agricultural use that long post-dates whoever originally raised the banks.

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