Ringfort (Rath), Glenawillin, Co. Cork

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Ringfort (Rath), Glenawillin, Co. Cork

At Glenawillin in County Cork, a ringfort has managed the quiet trick of disappearing almost entirely whilst leaving behind an object far older than itself.

The enclosure, known as a rath, a roughly circular earthwork used as a defended farmstead during the early medieval period, sits on a south-facing slope in pasture, and today there is no visible surface trace of it whatsoever. The only reason to suspect anything was ever there is a 1936 Ordnance Survey six-inch map, on which an arc of hachures running from the south-east around to the west records the scarp of what was once an earthen bank.

What makes the site stranger still is the presence of an ogham stone, one of those upright standing stones inscribed with the early medieval Irish script that runs as a series of notches and lines along the stone's edge. This one was not originally from this rath at all. According to Atkinson, writing in 1883 to 1884, the stone had been removed from a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage typically associated with nearby ringforts, and was then re-erected at this location because it marked the spot of yet another erased rath in the adjoining field. So the stone is a kind of displaced monument twice over: taken from its original context underground, and then used as a placeholder for a second vanished enclosure. The ogham stone itself survives, standing in the landscape as the one tangible feature of a site that has otherwise been absorbed entirely into the surrounding farmland.

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Pete F
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