Ringfort (Rath), Gortknockaneroe, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
What remains of this ringfort on a north-facing slope above the Dalua River valley is, by now, almost nothing you could point to with confidence.
The circular earthwork that once defined it has been levelled, and the site survives mainly as a rough ring of furze bushes growing where the old bank used to be, a plant colonising disturbed ground with an almost archival stubbornness. A ringfort, or rath, is an early medieval enclosed farmstead, typically formed by one or more earthen banks and ditches surrounding a domestic interior; they are among the most common archaeological monument types in Ireland, yet this one quietly accumulated several layers of interest before it disappeared.
By 1934, a researcher named Bowman had recorded it as a double-ramparted fort, meaning it once had two concentric banks, a feature associated with higher-status sites. Within the interior there was also a souterrain, an underground stone-lined passage or chamber commonly found inside ringforts and thought to have served for storage or as a place of refuge. An Ordnance Survey map from as far back as 1842 shows it as a hachured circular enclosure, and it reappears on the 1905 and 1937 editions as well. When Office of Public Works officers visited on 26 February 1969, called out by the landowner ahead of planned destruction, they found an earthen bank still standing to an internal height of 1.5 metres, with an external fosse, or ditch, around 1.5 metres wide at the base. The north and east sections of the bank had already been recently levelled by then. At the north-western edge of the site there is a small circular depression, roughly three metres across and 1.3 metres deep, its southern half stone-lined with vitrified stones and earth burnt red, the remnants of a lime kiln, a structure used for burning limestone to produce agricultural lime, probably entirely unrelated in date to the fort itself but sharing the same ground.