Ringfort (Rath), Gortskagh, Co. Cork

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gortskagh, Co. Cork

In a level field in north Cork, a low circular rise in the pasture grass marks the outline of an early medieval settlement that most people would walk past without a second glance.

There is no tower, no interpretive panel, no dramatic silhouette against the sky, just a gently swelling ring of earth, roughly 25 metres across, defined by a shallow fosse, the encircling ditch that was dug when the site was first constructed and whose spoil was thrown inward to form the bank.

A rath, as this type of ringfort is also known, was the standard farmstead enclosure of early medieval Ireland, typically built and occupied between roughly the sixth and twelfth centuries. Thousands survive across the island, but they vary considerably in scale and condition. The example at Gortskagh is modest by any measure: the bank rises only half a metre above the base of its fosse, and the ditch itself is shallow enough to have blended almost entirely into the surrounding pasture over the centuries. What makes the location quietly interesting is its proximity to another monument entirely. A ring barrow, a circular burial mound of a much earlier type, lies roughly 200 metres to the south-west. Ring barrows are generally associated with the Bronze Age, predating the ringfort by well over a thousand years. The two monuments were not built by the same people for the same purpose, yet they ended up sharing the same stretch of north Cork farmland, one a place of the living, the other of the dead.

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